| Title: | Clustered Mendelian randomization analyses identify distinct and opposing pathways in the association between genetically influenced insulin-like growth factor-1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| Journal: | International Journal of Epidemiology |
| Published: | 3 Jun 2022 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35656699/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyac119 |
| URL: | https://academic.oup.com/ije/article-pdf/51/6/1874/47882342/dyac119.pdf |
| Citations: | 9 (8 in last 2 years) as of 8 Aug 2024 |
Publication 12351
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is inconsistent evidence for the causal role of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration in the pathogenesis of human age-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we investigated the association between IGF-1 and T2D using (clustered) Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses in the UK Biobank.</p>
METHODS: We conducted Cox proportional hazard analyses in 451 232 European-ancestry individuals of the UK Biobank (55.3% women, mean age at recruitment 56.6 years), among which 13 247 individuals developed type 2 diabetes during up to 12 years of follow-up. In addition, we conducted two-sample MR analyses based on independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with IGF-1. Given the heterogeneity between the MR effect estimates of individual instruments (P-value for Q statistic = 4.03e-145), we also conducted clustered MR analyses. Biological pathway analyses of the identified clusters were performed by over-representation analyses.</p>
RESULTS: In the Cox proportional hazard models, with IGF-1 concentrations stratified in quintiles, we observed that participants in the lowest quintile had the highest relative risk of type 2 diabetes [hazard ratio (HR): 1.31; 95% CI: 1.23-1.39). In contrast, in the two-sample MR analyses, higher genetically influenced IGF-1 was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Based on the heterogeneous distribution of MR effect estimates of individual instruments, six clusters of genetically determined IGF-1 associated either with a lower or a higher risk of type 2 diabetes were identified. The main clusters in which a higher IGF-1 was associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes consisted of instruments mapping to genes in the growth hormone signalling pathway, whereas the main clusters in which a higher IGF-1 was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes consisted of instruments mapping to genes in pathways related to amino acid metabolism and genomic integrity.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: The IGF-1-associated SNPs used as genetic instruments in MR analyses showed a heterogeneous distribution of MR effect estimates on the risk of type 2 diabetes. This was likely explained by differences in the underlying molecular pathways that increase IGF-1 concentration and differentially mediate the effects of IGF-1 on type 2 diabetes.</p>
9 Keywords
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Female
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
- Male
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
7 Authors
- Wenyi Wang
- Ephrem Baraki Tesfay
- Jan Bert van Klinken
- Ko Willems van Dijk
- Andrzej Bartke
- Diana van Heemst
- Raymond Noordam
1 Application
| Application ID | Title |
|---|---|
| 22474 | Genetic determinants for insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus |
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