| Application: | 60124, The effects of age, metabolism, genotype and systemic health on cognitive health. |
| Title: | Links between air pollution and COVID-19 in England |
| Size: | 1.4 MB |
| Archived: | 5 Nov 2020 |
| Stability: | Complete |
| Personal: | No individual-level data |
Return 2811
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Notes
In December 2019, a novel disease, coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), emerged in Wuhan, People s Republic of China. COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) presumed to have jumped species from another mammal to humans. This virus has caused a rapidly spreading global pandemic. To date, over 300,000 cases of COVID-19 have been reported in England and over 40,000 patients have died. While progress has been achieved in managing this disease, the factors in addition to age that affect the severity and mortality of COVID-19 have not been clearly identified. Recent studies of COVID-19 in several countries identified links between air pollution and death rates. Here, we explored potential links between major fossil fuel-related air pollutants and SARS-CoV-2 mortality in England. We compared current SARS-CoV-2 cases and deaths from public databases to both regional and subregional air pollution data monitored at multiple sites across England. After controlling for population density, age and median income, we show positive relationships between air pollutant concentrations, particularly nitrogen oxides, and COVID-19 mortality and infectivity. Using detailed UK Biobank data, we further show that PM2.5 was a major contributor to COVID-19 cases in England, as an increase of 1 m3 in the long-term average of PM2.5 was associated with a 12% increase in COVID-19 cases. The relationship between air pollution and COVID-19 withstands variations in the temporal scale of assessments (single-year vs 5-year average) and remains significant after adjusting for socioeconomic, demographic and health-related variables. We conclude that a small increase in air pollution leads to a large increase in the COVID-19 infectivity and mortality rate in England. This study provides a framework to guide both health and emissions policies in countries affected by this pandemic.Application 60124
The effects of age, metabolism, genotype and systemic health on cognitive health.
In a global ageing population, preventing dementia is a major public health care challenge. While there is no cure for dementia, identifying therapeutic targets and modifiable risk factors is critical. The UK Biobank collected data on behaviour, systemic health, genetics, brain imaging and blood chemistry, which we can modify to prevent or alleviate the pathology of dementia. Our group has recently identified potential therapeutic methods to alleviate symptoms of pathological cognitive decline in model organisms. Employing cutting-edge methods in genetics and epidemiological research, we will use data from the UK Biobank to validate our insights in humans. Our research will generate valuable information on the mechanisms of the disease as well as insights into potential new methods to delay the onset of dementia.
| Lead investigator: | Mr Yizhou Yu |
| Lead institution: | University of Oxford |
1 related Return
| Return ID | App ID | Description | Archive Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3699 | 60124 | Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases Predict Different COVID-19 Outcomes: A UK Biobank Study | 29 Jul 2021 |
1 Publication
| Pub ID | Title | Author(s) | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2812 | Links between air pollution and COVID-19 in England | Marco Travaglio (+5) | 2020 | Environmental Pollution |
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health