| Title: | Association of immune-mediated diseases with the risk of dementia and brain structure in UK Biobank participants |
| Journal: | Age and Ageing |
| Published: | 28 Nov 2024 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39714283/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afae274 |
Publication 14277
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Immunity and inflammation may be essential to the pathogenesis of dementia. However, the association of immune-mediated diseases with the risk of incident dementia has not been well characterised.</p>
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the prospective association of 27 immune-mediated diseases and incident dementia risk and to explore the underlying mechanisms driven by brain structures.</p>
METHODS: We included 487 459 UK Biobank participants aged 37-73 years without dementia at enrolment. Immune-mediated diseases and dementia cases were ascertained according to the International Classification of Diseases codes. Time-varying Cox proportional hazards regression and general linear regression models were used to examine the association of immune-mediated disease with incident dementia risk and brain morphometric measures, respectively.</p>
RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 12.3 years, 1654 cases of incident dementia were documented in 86 243 patients with immune-mediated diseases. Overall, immune-mediated diseases were associated with a higher all-cause dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-1.32). Five out of 27 immune-mediated diseases were associated with an increased risk of dementia individually. Comorbidity of multiple immune-mediated diseases further increased the risk. Moreover, the immune-mediated disease was associated with smaller total surface areas of both left (β, -286.51; SE, 102.58; P = .014) and right hemispheres (β, -298.56; SE, 103.96; P = .016), greater white matter hyperintensities volume (β, 1.02; SE, 0.13; P < .001) and less healthy white matter microstructures.</p>
CONCLUSIONS: Immune-mediated diseases were associated with an increased risk of incident dementia, and the association of those diseases with brain structural abnormalities might provide clues to the underlying mechanisms.</p>
17 Keywords
- Adult
- Aged
- Biological Specimen Banks
- Brain
- Dementia
- Female
- Humans
- Immune System Diseases
- Incidence
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- UK Biobank
- United Kingdom
13 Authors
- Jinhua Cai
- Heng Rong
- Jiongxue Chen
- Zhenhong Deng
- Sitai Chen
- Huanquan Liao
- Dong Pan
- Yanting Chen
- Zhongshan Shi
- Yi Li
- Honghong Li
- Yongteng Xu
- Yamei Tang
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