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Abstract
We investigated the association of coffee consumption with postmenopausal breast cancer risk, overall and by the status of postmenopausal hormone therapy (PMH). Results In the overall analysis, coffee consumption was not associated with breast cancer risk . Women with no PMH history who consumed = 4 cups/day had a 16% reduced risk of breast cancer as compared to women who consumed < 7 cups/ week. Among women with past PMH, those consuming = 4 cups/day had a 22% greater risk of breast cancer than women consuming < 7 cups/week (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01 1.47). No association was found among current PMH users. The differences in these associations across PMH use categories were not statistically significant. Coffee consumption might be associated with increased breast cancer risk in women who used hormones in the past. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and elucidate potential biological mechanisms underlying the observed associations.