| Title: | Cardiometabolic disease and features of depression and bipolar disorder: Population-based, cross-sectional study |
| Journal: | The British Journal of Psychiatry |
| Published: | 1 Apr 2016 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26795427/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.157784 |
| URL: | https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/115513/1/115513.pdf |
| Citations: | 32 (2 in last 2 years) as of 8 Aug 2024 |
Publication 4413
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The relative contribution of demographic, lifestyle and medication factors to the association between affective disorders and cardiometabolic diseases is poorly understood.</p>
AIMS: To assess the relationship between cardiometabolic disease and features of depresion and bipolar disorder within a large population sample.</p>
METHOD: Cross-sectional study of 145 991 UK Biobank participants: multivariate analyses of associations between features of depression or bipolar disorder and five cardiometabolic outcomes, adjusting for confounding factors.</p>
RESULTS: There were significant associations between mood disorder features and 'any cardiovascular disease' (depression odds ratio (OR) = 1.15, 95% CI 1.12-1.19; bipolar OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.14-1.43) and with hypertension (depression OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.13-1.18; bipolar OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.12-1.42). Individuals with features of mood disorder taking psychotropic medication were significantly more likely than controls not on psychotropics to report myocardial infarction (depression OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.24-1.73; bipolar OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.53-3.57) and stroke (depression OR = 2.46, 95% CI 2.10-2.80; bipolar OR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.39-3.85).</p>
CONCLUSIONS: Associations between features of depression or bipolar disorder and cardiovascular disease outcomes were statistically independent of demographic, lifestyle and medication confounders. Psychotropic medication may also be a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease in individuals without a clear history of mood disorder.</p>
14 Keywords
- Adult
- Aged
- Bipolar Disorder
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Comorbidity
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Depression
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Psychotropic Drugs
- Risk Factors
- United Kingdom
15 Authors
- Daniel J. Martin
- Zia Ul-Haq
- Barbara I. Nicholl
- Breda Cullen
- Jonathan Evans
- Jason M. R. Gill
- Beverly Roberts
- John Gallacher
- Daniel Mackay
- Andrew McIntosh
- Matthew Hotopf
- Nick Craddock
- Ian J. Deary
- Jill P. Pell
- Daniel J. Smith
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