| Title: | Genetic Factors of Alzheimer's Disease Modulate How Diet is Associated with Long-Term Cognitive Trajectories: A UK Biobank Study |
| Journal: | Journal of Alzheimer's Disease |
| Published: | 24 Nov 2020 |
| Pubmed: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33252089/ |
| DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-201058 |
| URL: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7895545 |
Publication 4917
WARNING: the interactive features of this website use CSS3, which your browser does not support. To use the full features of this website, please update your browser.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fluid intelligence (FI) involves abstract problem-solving without prior knowledge. Greater age-related FI decline increases Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, and recent studies suggest that certain dietary regimens may influence rates of decline. However, it is uncertain how long-term food consumption affects FI among adults with or without familial history of AD (FH) or APOE4 (ɛ4).</p>
OBJECTIVE: Observe how the total diet is associated with long-term cognition among mid- to late-life populations at-risk and not-at-risk for AD.</p>
METHODS: Among 1,787 mid-to-late-aged adult UK Biobank participants, 10-year FI trajectories were modeled and regressed onto the total diet based on self-reported intake of 49 whole foods from a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).</p>
RESULTS: Daily cheese intake strongly predicted better FIT scores over time (FH-: β= 0.207, p < 0.001; ɛ4-: β= 0.073, p = 0.008; ɛ4+: β= 0.162, p = 0.001). Alcohol of any type daily also appeared beneficial (ɛ4+: β= 0.101, p = 0.022) and red wine was sometimes additionally protective (FH+: β= 0.100, p = 0.014; ɛ4-: β= 0.59, p = 0.039). Consuming lamb weekly was associated with improved outcomes (FH-: β= 0.066, p = 0.008; ɛ4+: β= 0.097, p = 0.044). Among at risk groups, added salt correlated with decreased performance (FH+: β= -0.114, p = 0.004; ɛ4+: β= -0.121, p = 0.009).</p>
CONCLUSION: Modifying meal plans may help minimize cognitive decline. We observed that added salt may put at-risk individuals at greater risk, but did not observe similar interactions among FH- and AD- individuals. Observations further suggest in risk status-dependent manners that adding cheese and red wine to the diet daily, and lamb on a weekly basis, may also improve long-term cognitive outcomes.</p>
23 Keywords
- Aged
- Alcohol Drinking
- Alzheimer Disease
- Apolipoprotein E4
- Biological Specimen Banks
- Cheese
- Cognition
- Cognitive Dysfunction
- Diet
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Gene-Environment Interaction
- Humans
- Intelligence
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Medical History Taking
- Middle Aged
- Problem Solving
- Red Meat
- Sodium Chloride, Dietary
- United Kingdom
- Wine
14 Authors
- Brandon S. Klinedinst
- Scott T. Le
- Brittany Larsen
- Colleen Pappas
- Nathan J. Hoth
- Amy Pollpeter
- Qian Wang
- Yueying Wang
- Shan Yu
- Li Wang
- Karin Allenspach
- Jonathan P. Mochel
- David A. Bennett
- Auriel A. Willette
Enabling scientific discoveries that improve human health